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1

 What is the etymology of the word Karabakh?
A majority of historians are sure that the toponym has its roots in the Sak and Skif tribes. Thus, even historians with a biased view of Azerbaijan are convinced that the toponym Artsakh comes from the Sak and Skif tribes, and not from Armenia.

2

 Which historical facts prove that Karabakh is an ancient human settlement and its history dates back to the Stone Age?
The active archaeological expeditions that began during that time visually proved that the territory of Azerbaijan is one of the birthplaces of the world’s ancient civilizations.

3

 Where is the historical-geographical territory of Karabakh?
The territory between the Kura and Aras rivers where nowadays Karabakh is situated was an ancient land belonging to Azerbaijan where different tribes once lived independently.

4

 Who are the Caucasian Albanians?
As an ethnic group Albans were the leading tribe in Caucasian Albania, as well as in the whole region. Therefore, according to ancient scholars, Caucasian Albania took its name from Albans.

5

 What was the ethnic origin of the people that lived in Karabakh in the early Middle Ages?
In the beginning of the early Middle Ages, different local tribes whose origins lay in Turkish and Persian ethnic groups lived in Karabakh.

6

 How were Melikdoms established in Karabakh, and were they of Armenian origin?
Those Christians in Upper Karabakh therefore managed to exist as a local administrative and territorial unit, and preserved its religion and traditions during the Middle Ages.

7

 What was the status of Karabakh in the period of the Safavid Empire?
Although it is hard to definitely identify the borders of the Karabakh Beylerbeylik, it is possible to say that it covered the historic Arran region, and more precisely, most of the territory between the Kura and Araz rivers.

8

 What were the administrative and territorial divisions and the ethnic composition of Karabakh during the Ottoman Empire?
Karabakh was part of the Ottoman Empire for the first time during the reign of Sultan Murad III (1574-1595), after the Istanbul Peace Treaty of 1590 between the Ottoman and the Safavid empires.

9

 How was the Karabakh Khanate founded?
After the death of Nadir Shah, Panah Ali Bey returned to Karabakh and began a political project, which resulted in the establishment of the above-mentioned Karabakh Khanate.

10

 What was the administrative structure of the Karabakh Khanate?
The most significant assistance provided by the Khan in governing the Khanate was the Khanate’s Divan - an advisory body that functioned under the authority of the Khan.

11

 What was the ethnic composition of the Karabakh Khanate?
Even though the Armenian population increased in number prior to the end of the Karabakh Khanate due to the migration policy of the Tsarist Empire, it represented only 10% of the entire population of Karabakh.

12

 How was the capital of the Karabakh Khanate, Shusha – Panahabad, founded?
According to the historical sources the place that the Shusha fortress was founded by Panah Ali Khan previously was grasslands and pasturages of the ancient human settlement that situated 6 km far from the Fortress.

13

 Why did the Russian Tsarist Empire increase the role of the Armenians when they started to occupy the Caucasus?
In order to improve relations between Russians and Armenians, Peter I issued a decree on November 10, 1724 relating to the settlement of Armenians in the territory of Tsarist Empire.

14

 Why did the Karabakh meliks carry out separatist activities and how did these activities end?
In the light of these developments, Armenian ideologists opposed the Karabakh Khanate openly and actively in order to realise their idea of creating an Armenian state in the territories of the Karabakh Khanate.

15

 When was the Treaty of Kurekchay signed and what were its conditions?
As a result of this meeting between General Sisianov and Ibrahimkhalil Khan, the Treaty of Kurekchay was signed between the Tsarist Empire and the Karabakh Khanate on May 14, 1805.

16

 When was the Treaty of Gulistan signed and what were its conditions?
As a result of the Treaty of Gulistan, the historical territory of Azerbaijan was divided into two parts: the north was annexed to the Tsarist Empire and the south remained in the Persian Empire.

17

 When was the Treaty of Turkmenchay signed and how did it affect Karabakh’s demographic situation?
Armenians, who had been brought from the Persian Empire, were resettled in Azerbaijan by the Tsarist Empire under the terms of Article XV in the Treaty of Turkmenchay.

18

 When was the Treaty of Edirne (Adrianople) signed and how did it affect Karabakh’s demographic situation?
Eventually, as a result of the Treaty of Edirne, the Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire was given the right to settle in Azerbaijan, as it was the case in the Treaty of Turkmenchay.

19

 What changes were made to Karabakh’s administrative-territorial divisions after it was occupied by Tsarist Russia?
The khanates of northern Azerbaijan were gradually abolished and converted into provinces and districts after their annexation to the Tsarist Empire at the beginning of the 19th century.

20

 What were the reasons for the mass killing of Azerbaijanis in Karabakh by Armenians in 1905-1906?
Regarding the demographic situation in Karabakh and the Shusha uyezd, which covered the territory of today’s Nagorno-Karabakh, the riots of 1905-1906 took place both on a national and an ethnic basis.

21

 What effect did the massacres perpetrated by Armenians in 1918 in different parts of Azerbaijan have?
The massacres perpetrated by Armenians in Azerbaijan in 1918 were directly related to the siege of Baku by the the Baku Council of People’s Commissars after the October Revolution in the Tsarist Empire.

22

 What was the cause of the war between the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and the Republic of Armenian during 1918 to 1920?
In the light of the ongoing political processes in the international sphere, Armenia made territorial demands on Azerbaijan in the context of its desire to create a “Greater Armenia”.

23

 Why did the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic concede Iravan to the Republic of Armenia as the capital city?
During the peace conference in Batumi at the end of May 1918, the delegations of both states agreed that “Azerbaijan will not object to the proclamation of Iravan as the capital of Armenia and in response to this gesture of goodwill, Armenia will give up claims to a part of the Yelizavetpol governorate, i.e. the mountainous part of Karabakh”.

24

 Was Karabakh “transferred to”, or retained within Azerbaijan in accordance with the Caucasus Bureau decree of July 5, 1921?
On July 5, 1921, Stalin, together with several Armenian members of Kavbureau CC RCP(b), namely A. Nazaretyan and A. Myasnikyan, decided “on “leaving” or “retaining” Nagorno-Karabakh within Azerbaijan and not “transferring” it to anyone: “Nagorno-Karabakh to leave within the borders of Azerbaijan SSR”.

25

 When was the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) created?
The Azerbaijan Central Executive Soviet Committee passed a decree on July 7, 1923, in which it was decided, “to establish an autonomous oblast from the Armenian part of the Nagorno-Karabakh, as a constituent part of the ASSR with the center in Khankendi”.

26

 What was the administrative territorial division of the Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast during the Soviet Union?
The Nagorno Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) was created by Azerbaijan Central Executive Soviet Committee decree on July 7, 1923 with Khankendi as capital. It was officially proclaimed in November of the following year.

27

 What is the historic name of Stepanakert, the capital city of Nagorno-Karabakh, and why was the name changed?
On September 18, 1923, with the support of S.M. Kirov, the name of Khankendi was changed and renamed as Stepanakert, in the honour of Stefan Shaumyan, in accordance to the ‘appeal’ of the Armenian population of the Autonomous Oblast of Nagorno-Karabakh.

28

 What was the status of Nagorno-Karabakh in the Soviet Constitution of 1936?
The Constitution resolved issues relating to the formation, organization, and activities of the supreme representative bodies of state power in Union and autonomous republics, and also defined the system and powers relating to government, courts and prosecutors.

29

 Why were Azerbaijani people exiled from the Armenia SSR in 1948?
On March 10, 1948, a further resolution was adopted authorizing Azerbaijanis to be deported from Armenia. During the deportation, Armenia took special care to deport Azerbaijanis from economically, socially, and culturally significant settlements.

30

 What were the results of Armenian claims over Nagorno-Karabakh between 1945 and 1965?
The counter-proposal by Mir Jafar Bagirov was welcomed neither by Soviet leaders nor by Armenians, and the Armenian leadership withdrew the issue from the agenda and returned to it only after the death of Stalin.

31

 What were the results of attempts to annex Nagorno-Karabakh to the Armenian SSR in the 1970s and 1980s?
At a joint session on July 12, 1988 with the Supreme Soviet of the Armenian SSR, the Supreme Soviet of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast unilaterally proclaimed its secession from the Azerbaijan SSR, which duly increased tension between the two South Caucasus states.

32

 What was the implication of Article 78 in the USSR Constitution for Nagorno-Karabakh?
Since, the Constitution is regarded as a supreme legislature in comparison to others, Article 78 must be considered a determining factor regarding regulation of the status of autonomous regions in the former Soviet Union.

33

 What was the ethnic composition of Nagorno-Karabakh during the Soviet era?
The number of ethnic Armenians increased yet again towards the end of the Soviet era, since the make-up of the Nagorno-Karabakh population in 1989 was 76.9% (145,500) ethnic Armenians, 21.5% (40,688) ethnic Azerbaijanis, and 1% (1.99) other ethnic groups.

34

 Were Armenians in the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) discriminated against by Azerbaijan during the Soviet era?
Within the autonomous oblast, the Armenian language was accepted as one of the working languages for all government, administrative, and judicial bodies, as well as at the Attorney General’s Office.

35

 Which events led to the conflict breaking out in Nagorno-Karabakh?
The Chardagli event, the transformation of the environmental demonstration in Yeravan into a political movement demanding the unification of NKAO with Armenia, the forced displacement of Azerbaijanis from Erevan and the killing of two Azerbaijanis in Askeran were the key factors that led to the conflict breaking out.

36

 What was the role of Gorbachov’s “Perestroika” and “Glasnost” policies in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Gorbachov’s ‘Glasnost” and “Perestroika” policy played a crucial role in the establishment of suitable conditions for separatist Armenians to undertake previously planned projects.

37

 What was the Soviet government’s reaction to the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh?
The Soviet government was unable to resolve the Nagorno-Karabakh issue, and the policy that was implemented during that period by Soviet authority was even one of the main reasons why the conflict escalated further.

38

 What was the reason behind the mass demonstration in Baku, the capital city of Azerbaijan, in 1988?
The demonstrators protested against Armenia’s intention to build a guesthouse in Topkhana for Yerevan aluminum factory workers. The rally continued for eighteen days, until Soviet police were able to clear the square by force on December 5.

39

 What is the relationship between the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the Sumgait events?
When the group that organized the events was arrested, it was revealed that most of them were former prisoners, and that the leader of the group, Eduard Grigorian, was an Armenian who had killed five Armenians during the events.

40

 To what extent does the unilateral declaration of the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic and its secession from Azerbaijan fit the provisions of the Soviet Law of April 3, 1990?
The law should be considered illegal because it contravenes Articles 72 and 78 in the USSR Constitution, which was adopted in 1977 and was still the supreme law of the country at that time.

41

 When and why did the massacre of “Black January” happen?
The bloodiest acts of state-sponsored terrorism and crime were carried out by the Soviet Union on January 20, 1990 against innocent Azerbaijani people. This massacre has been, from that time on, referred to as “Black January”.

42

 What was the relationship between the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the “Black January” of January 20, 1990?
Armenia tried to use this event for its own benefit, and it argued that the main purpose of the intervention by the Soviet Army in Azerbaijan was to stop the so-called pogrom against the Armenian population in Baku led by the Azerbaijani people.

43

 Why did the Soviet Union “support” Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict in the summer of 1991?
Regarding the loyalty of the AzCP to the central government, Moscow “rewarded” Mutallibov with political and military support, at the expense of conflict over the Nagorno Karabakh for threatening the intention of Armenia for independence.

44

 What was the Tehran Declaration of May 1992?
Despite all Iran’s efforts, the mediation process soon came to a halt when Shusha was occupied by Armenian forces on May 8. Following the occupation of this region, the Foreign Minister of Iran expressed his country’s concern regarding the new military operation by the Armenians.

45

 When did the massacre of Khojali happen and was there any intended plan behind the Armenian military attack on Khojali?
It is possible to call the Khojali massacre an act of ethnic cleansing and a war crime against the innocent people of Azerbaijan. The results of the massacre were difficult to reveal: Armenians perpetrated an unheard-of punitive crime against the population of Khojali.

46

 What is Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act of 1992?
Because of the tumultuous situation in the first two years of Azerbaijan’s independence, the Armenian lobby in America was able to push approval of Section 907 of the FREEDOM Support Act through Congress in 1992, which banned direct aid by the USA government to Azerbaijan.

47

 When and why was the OSCE Minsk Group formed?
On March 24, 1992, at a meeting in Helsinki, the OSCE Council asked the Chairman-in-Office to call an immediate conference on Nagorno-Karabakh under its auspices so that a peaceful and negotiated settlement of the crisis could be reached.

48

 Why did Azerbaijan accuse the OSCE Minsk Group of being biased in the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Azerbaijan raised the issue of the impartiality of the Minsk Group, since it was co-chaired by Russia, France and the USA, countries where the large Armenian Diasporas enjoy great influence in the respective countries’ governments.

49

 What is UN Security Council Resolution 822, adopted on April 30, 1993, about?
In that resolution, the Security Council further demanded the immediate cessation of hostilities and hostile acts and the immediate, full and unconditional withdrawal of all occupying forces from not only the Kelbajar region but also all the occupied territories of Azerbaijan.

50

 How did the internal turmoil of 1993 in Azerbaijan affect the results of the Nagorno-Karabakh war?
During the political turmoil in Azerbaijan in 1993, Armenian military forces managed to occupy the whole region outside Nagorno-Karabakh (Kalbajar, Agdam, Fuzuli, Jebrail, Qubatli, and Zengilan) with the support of Russia.

51

 What is UN Security Council Resolution 853, adopted on July 29, 1993, about?
By this Security Council reaffirmed the sovereignty and the territorial integrity of the Azerbaijan Republic, condemned the capture of the Agdam region and other occupied areas of Azerbaijan.

52

 What is UN Security Council Resolution 874, adopted on October 14, 1993 about?
Resolution called upon the parties to the conflict to observe the ceasefire established as a result of the direct contacts undertaken with the assistance of the Government of the Russian Federation, in support of the OSCE Minsk Group.

53

 What is UN Security Council Resolution 884, adopted on November 12, 1993, about?
In this Resolution the Security Council also expressed its serious concern at how the conflict over the Nagorno-Karabakh region of Azerbaijan had developed, and at how the tensions between the parties to the conflict could endanger regional peace and security.

54

 What is the Bishkek Protocol, agreed on May 8, 1994 about?
The Protocol stressed the importance of encouraging every possible option in order to avoid armed hostilities between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh.

55

 When was the ceasefire agreement signed between Azerbaijan and Armenia?
The ceasefire agreement that came into force at midnight on May 11-12, 1994 was a response to the ceasefire appeal stated in the Bishkek Protocol, which was signed on May 8, 1994.

56

 Why was the Russian-brokered ceasefire effort of May 1994 successful?
It should be mentioned that the cease-fire was a war stopping, not peacemaking attempt and did not end conflicting situation in the region.

57

 What were the advantages of the ceasefire agreement for Armenia?
It is possible to say that the separatist group was successful to reach its first aim, achieve independence, without international recognition.

58

 What were the advantages of the ceasefire agreement for Azerbaijan?
The agreement offered Azerbaijan an opportunity to stop further military and territorial losses, avoid seeing its population forced from their homes, and bring to an end the massacre of civilian Azerbaijanis by Armenian forces.

59

 How many Azerbaijani people were displaced as a result of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
The displacement of ethnic Azerbaijanis from their historical places of residence was a direct consequence of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia from 1988 until the signing of the ceasefire agreement in 1994.

60

 How many Azerbaijani territories were occupied by Armenian forces during the Nagorno-Karabakh war?
The overall area of the territories in the Republic of Azerbaijan that were occupied and affected by the aggression was 17, 000 sq. km. (10,563 sq. miles), approximately 20% of the country.

61

 What were the overall casualty and damage figures for Azerbaijan from the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between 1988 and 1994?
From 1988 to 1994, Armenian military forces looted and destroyed approximately 900 Azerbaijan villages, occupied 20% of Azerbaijan territory, and killed more than 20,000 and wounded or injured over 50,000 Azerbaijanis.

62

 What was the decision on the Nagorno-Karabakh issue that was reached at the CSCE summit in Budapest on December 4-5, 1994?
During the Summit, the Heads of States and Governments of the CSCE member states also discussed the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia, and added an appropriate provision to the document in this respect.

63

 What ware the Lisbon principles of December 3, 1996 on the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
When vetoing the Lisbon principles, Armenian President Levon Ter-Petrosian claimed that it predetermined the status of Nagorno-Karabakh and that this was something that should be done later, at the Minsk Conference.

64

 What is the OSCE Minsk Group’s “Package deal” proposal of June 18, 1997?
The proposal aimed at finding a solution to all aspects of the conflict at the same time, including the status of Nagorno-Karabakh, which was included in the peace proposals for the first time by the Co-Chairs of the Minsk Group.

65

 What is the OSCE Minsk Group’s “Step by step deal” proposal of September 2, 1997?
The result of the support of President Ter-Petrosian to the “Step-by step deal” proposal was ‘constitutional coup d’état’ in Armenia against the president and at the result on February 3, 1998 Ter-Petrosian resigned from his presidential post.

66

 What is the OSCE Minsk Group’s “Common state” peace proposal of November 7, 1998?
The proposal specifically referred to the agreements on the status of Nagorno-Karabakh, the status of the Lachin corridor, Shusha and the former Shaumyan district of Azerbaijan, and to a cessation of the armed conflict between the parties.

67

 What was the result of the series of meetings between Heydar Aliyev and Robert Kocharyan in 1999?
It was expected that as a result of the confidential meeting between the leaders of the two countries, an agreement on Nagorno-Karabakh would be reached at the OSCE Istanbul Summit in November 1999.

68

 What was the result of the Key West meeting between the Presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia in April 2001?
The importance of the meeting was that unlike previous meetings, Key West was the first time that the Co-Chairs of the Minsk Group discussed the issue with both presidents, in the same place.

69

 What was Heydar Aliyev’s role in the process of regulating the conflict?
During his presidency, Heydar Aliyev managed to get the international community to understand Azerbaijan’s position, promoted true arguments about the war, and helped convince international organizations to include the issue on their agendas.

70

 What is the Prague Process?
The Prague Process was a series of negotiations between the personal representatives of the Presidents of Armenia and Azerbaijan that was initiated by the OSCE Minsk Group in 2002 after the Key West meeting between the Presidents in the USA failed.

71

 What is PACE (Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe) Resolution 1416, adopted in January 2005?
By adopting the Resolution, PACE reaffirmed that independence and secession of a territory from the main state may be achieved only by lawful and peaceful means, and without the help of military force.

72

 What are the Madrid Principles?
The Madrid Principles is a framework agreement that was presented by the Co-Chairs of the OSCE Minsk Group to the foreign ministers of Armenia and Azerbaijan at the OSCE ministerial conference in November 2007.

73

 What is the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 62/243?
It should be noted that Resolution 62/243 was the fifth United Nations document relating to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, and the first one adopted by the United Nations General Assembly.

74

 What was the Moscow Declaration of November 2, 2008?
In this Declaration, the Presidents stated their intention of creating an atmosphere of security and stability in the region, and they agreed to intensify their efforts to find a political solution for the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

75

 What was the implication of the Moscow Declaration for the parties to the conflict?
The Declaration was serving the interests of Russia rather than of the parties to the conflict. It should be noted that it was the first document signed by the presidents of the Azerbaijan Republic and the Republic of Armenia since the cease-fire agreement in May 1994.

76

 What are the Updated Madrid Principles?
The Updated Madrid Principles refer to one of the peace initiatives presented by the OSCE Minsk Group to the parties to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, based on the Basic Principles introduced to the foreign ministers of Azerbaijan and Armenia in November 2007.

77

 What is the European Parliament Resolution, adopted on May 20, 2010?
The resolution highlighted the fact that the conflicts that existed at the time in the South Caucasus were the principal obstacle to economic and social development in the region.

78

 What is Ilham Aliyev’s position and role in the settlement of the conflict?
As President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev welcomed all constructive initiatives by third parties, joint negotiations that were organized within the frame of the OSCE Minsk group and other unilateral attempts by external actors.

79

 Is Nagorno-Karabakh an interstate or an intrastate conflict?
Ethnic Armenian issues in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict do not change the interstate character of the dispute, because the state attempting to annex the lands of another country uses its own ethnic group in order to justify its aggression policy.

80

 Is Nagorno-Karabakh an ethnic or a territorial conflict?
The conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh should be defined as an interstate conflict, which occurred because of a territorial dispute.

81

 Is Nagorno-Karabakh a frozen or an intractable conflict?
In “frozen” conflicts, attempts by third parties are expected to guarantee a ceasefire, suspend violence and continue negotiations towards a political settlement. In fact, the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is active, the ceasefire is periodically broken and the negotiation process is deadlocked.

82

 What are the territorial borders of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
One reason why it is taking so long to settle the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is uncertainty over the disputed territories, resulting from the fact that the parties to the conflict identify the nature of the dispute differently.

83

 What is the de facto status of the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic?
The de facto status of the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic can be defined as that of an unrecognized quasi-state, since it does not meet the required criteria for sovereign states, according to the accepted norms of international law.

84

 Who are the parties to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Identifying the parties to the conflict is an initial and very important step that must not be ignored, because misleading information about the identities of the parties or stakeholders will result in deadlock and will prolong the process of achieving peace.

85

 What is the position of Azerbaijan in the solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Azerbaijan as a “principal” party to the conflict, has adhered to the peace format structured by the OSCE Minsk group and has adopted a constructive position for settling the conflict.

86

 What does the Azerbaijan Community of Nagorno-Karabakh mean?
As an institution the Azerbaijan Community of Nagorno-Karabakh (ACNK) was officially recognized in accordance with Article 9 in the document, which was adopted during the Helsinki Additional Meeting of the CSCE Council on March 24, 1992.

87

 What is the highest autonomy status for Nagorno-Karabakh proposed by Azerbaijan?
Azerbaijan has stated that if Armenia abandons its independence claim for Nagorno-Karabakh, it is ready to grant the Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh the highest-level autonomous status that exists in practice.

88

 What is the position of Armenia in the solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Since the very early stages of the conflict Armenia has played a crucial role in how the war has developed, and has forced all Azerbaijanis living in Armenia to leave their homes.

89

 Why does Armenia not recognize the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic?
In fact, Armenia does not recognize the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic de jure, but its de facto relationships with the unrecognized republic are at a high level.

90

 What is the position of the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic in the solution to the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
The so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic’s authority argues that if any achievements are to be made in the peace process, the principles relating to territorial integrity must not be a precondition for settling the conflict.

91

 What is the role of the Armenian Diaspora in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
The Diaspora has a strict attitude to settling the conflict, one based on no compromise in the possible “independence” of the so-called Nagorno-Karabakh Republic.

92

 Do Nagorno-Karabakh Armenians have the right to self-determination?
Since international law protects the territorial integrity of states that are recognized by the international community, the self-determination claims of ethnic groups must be met within the borders of those states.

93

 What is the position of Russia in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
In fact, there is a perceived view that Russia, in its efforts to realize its geostrategic interests, is having a negative effect on the negotiation process.

94

 What is the position of the USA in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
In October 1992, with the efforts of the Armenian lobby, the US Congress passed Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act, which restricted direct governmental support of the US for Azerbaijan.

95

 What is the position of Turkey in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
In the international arena, top Turkish officials often express and promote the Azerbaijani view of the conflict and call upon the international community to contribute to settling the dispute.

96

 What is the position of Iran in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict became one of the main challenges for Iran’s foreign and domestic policy right from the start, since it represented a threat to the country’s national security.

97

 What is the position of the EU in the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict?
The EU supports a peaceful settlement of the conflict and expresses its intention of contributing to the peace-building process by utilizing its instruments as the South Caucasus grows closer to the EU neighborhood as a result of its eastward expansion.

98

 Is there any resemblance between the South Ossetia, Abkhazia and Nagorno-Karabakh conflicts?
In all three cases the war ended with a conditional victory by the separatists, who were supported by external groups such as Russia and Armenia, and with the signing not of a peace treaty but rather of a ceasefire agreement.

99

 Can Kosovo case be a precedent for Nagorno-Karabakh?
The international community accepted that Kosovo was a sui generis case; hence it should be neither a legal nor a political precedent for the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.